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高效记忆法:AEIS英语构词法大全(派生法)

  • 时间:2019-05-28
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  学习构词法基础知识也是非常有好处的,那就是它可以使我们能够轻松认识更多单词,以一种巧妙的方式扩大AEIS词汇量,短期内记住更多的单词。今天我们就分析最后一种构词法:派生法

  派生法

  由一个词加上前缀或后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫做派生法。

  1. 前缀

  除少数前缀外,前缀一般改变单词的意义,但不改变单词的词性。

  (1)表示否定意义的前缀

  ●un- unhappy unfinished  undress

  ●dis- disagree disbelieve

  ●in- [il-(在字母l前),im- (在字母m,b,p前),ir- (在字母r前)] inaccurate illegal impolite imbalance irregular

  ●mis- misbehave mislead mistake

  ●non- nonstop nonsmoker

高效记忆法:AEIS英语构词法大全(派生法)

  (2)表示其他意义的前缀

  ●en- “使……”enrich enlarge encourage

  ●inter- “相互”international intercontinental

  ●re- “再,又,重”rethink retell recycle

  ●tele- “远程的”telescope telephone telegraph

  ●auto- “自动的”automatic automobile

  ●co- “共同”coworker cooperate coexist

  ●anti- “反对,抵抗”antiwar antifreeze antinuclear

  ●multi- “多”multistory multicultural multicolor

  ●bi- “双,二”bicycle bilingual bilateral

  ●micro- “极小的,微小的”microwave microcomputer

  ●over- “太多,过分”overwork overdo overestimate

  ●self- “自己,本身”self-centered self-confident self-control

  ●under- “在……下面,……下的,不足的”underline, underground, underestimate, underrate

  2. 后缀

  (1)形容词后缀

  ●-able “可……的,具有……的”acceptable drinkable knowledgeable reasonable

  ●-al “与……有关的”physical, magical, political

  ●-an “属于某地方的人”American African

  ●-ern “方向”southern, northern, eastern

  ●-ful/ less “(没)有……的”helpful, useful, homeless, hopeless

  ●-ish “如……的;有……特征的”foolish childish selfish

  ●-ive “有……倾向的”active attractive expensive

  ●-en “由……制成的”golden wooden woolen

  ●-ous “有(性质)的”famous, dangerous, poisonous

  ●-ly “有……性质的”friendly yearly daily

  ●-y “构成形容词”noisy dusty cloudy

  (2)名词后缀

  ●-er / or “表人或用具”farmer, baker, visitor, professor, cooker, container

  ●-ese “某国(人)的”Chinese, Japanese

  ●-ian “某国、某地人;精通……的人”musician, Asian, Russian, technician

  ●-ist “某种主义或职业者”physicist, scientist, communist,socialist

  ●-ess “表女性,雌性”hostess, actress, princess

  ●-ment “行为或其状态”government, movement, achievement

  ●-ness “性质,状态”illness, sadness, carelessness

  ●-tion “动作,过程,结果”invention, organization, translation

  ●-ance/ ence “抽象;行为、性质、状态”importance, appearance, absence, existence

  ●-th “性质、情况” depth, warmth, truth

  ●-ful “(满的)量”handful, spoonful, mouthful

  ●-(a)bility “抽象、性质、状态”possibility, disability, reliability

  ●-al “过程、状态”survival, arrival, approval

  ●-y “性质、情况”modesty, delivery, honesty

  ●-dom “处于……状态;性质”freedom, boredom

  ●-age “状态,行为,身份及其结果”courage, storage, marriage

  (3)动词后缀

  ●-fy / ify “使得;变得”simplify, beautify, purify

  ●-en “使成为;变得”shorten, deepen, sadden

  ●-ize “使成为”apologize, realize, specialize

  (4)副词后缀

  ●-ly “方式,程度”freely, truly, angrily

  ●-ward(s) “向……”towards, forward, upwards

  (5)数词后缀

  ●-teen “十几” fourteen, eighteen, thirteen

  ●-ty “整十位数” forty, fifty, sixty

  ●-th “序数词” twelfth, twentieth

  以上就是小编为大家整理的关于新加坡AEIS词汇构成之派生法,希望对大家学习有所帮助。更多南京报考AEIS、如何查询AEIS成绩等问题可以咨询我们。

高效记忆法:AEIS英语构词法大全(派生法)