AEIS写作技巧：回答因果关系，你只会用Because吗?

　　在AEIS写作里，经常会考察因果关系，主要有这三种类型：cause and effect、cause and solution、problem and solution。虽然表述方式会有点不同，其实都异曲同工，即针对某个topic的cause-effect或problem-solution。

　　无论哪种题目，写明因果关系很重要。关于因果关系的表达，烤鸭们应该都很熟悉，无非是BS（because/so），还有在英语中，BS用了前者就不能用后者的基本规则。例如：

　　Because further education has become more accessible for a wider range of people, an increasing number of people have degrees.

　　Further education has become more accessible for a wider range of people, so an increasing number of people have degrees.

　　但是除了BS之外，还有很多其它表示因果关系的表达，下面跟小编一下来学学：

　　Because系列（表原因）

　　1.because of：because后接的是一个句子（主谓宾）：because of后一般直接跟名词。例如：

　　Because of the increasing number of machine-and as we noted before,machines magnify human effort--then anyone using a machine can get a higher wage than anyone not using a machine.

　　2.as/since（除了“因为”外，还有“自从”的意思，使用时要注意避免歧义）例如:

　　Hours spent on commuting, traffic jams, and fights for parking should diminish, sinceworkers make fewer journeys or work staggered hours.

　　Unfortunately, as the number of people living in the city increases, so do the different problems associated with population growth.（注意此句中的so不表示“所以”，而是“…也…”的意思）

　　3.thanks to（通常适用于positive situations结果好的时候）例如：

　　Thanks to new technology, it's easier than ever to work remotely.

　　类似的表达还有：

　　due to（negative situations通常使用与结果不好的时候）

　　owing to/attributable to/on account of

　　Due to/On account of extreme weather conditions, damage to property occurs

　　4.当原因需要的表达较多时，我们还可以把以上表达改写为原因状语从句，使用thanks to the fact that / due to the fact that /owing to the fact that 或者on the grounds that ...

　　例如：

　　Will we live longer merely due to the fact that/on the grounds that technology, if implemented properly, will take stress away from our lives.

　　So系列（表结果）

　　1.As a result / As a consequence

　　例如：

　　As a result, those people who were indoors had much lighter skin, which means that whiter skin is now associated with having a higher status than dark skin.

　　As a consequence,environmental health must address the societal and environmental factors that increase the likelihood of exposure and disease.

　　2.consequently /accordingly

　　consequently更偏重因果逻辑；accordingly更偏重后续解决。例如：

　　Water pollution affects drinking water,rivers,lakes and oceans all over the world.This consequently harms human health and the natural environment.

　　Some of the laws were contradictory. Accordingly,measures were taken to clarify them.

　　Cause系列（表结果）

　　1.cause(v)引起

　　例如：

　　The amount of garbage produced by the people also increases whichcauses sanitary landfills to fill up faster.

　　2.lead to/result in导致

　　注意这里是result in，后跟结果，前面提到的result from后面跟的是原因。例如：

　　The society's attitude to food often leads to over-consumption.

　　3.bring about：to cause to take place 引起，带来（注意使用时更倾向于“带来“这个意思）

　　例如：

　　The internet technologies that have brought about so much social change were scarcely imaginable just decades before they appeared.

　　4.spark off引发、引爆 ，具体指引发比较严重的后果、冲突等（=trigger / activate），或指“点燃”（=inspire）

　　例如：

　　Spark offa series of problems / a chain of events related to…

　　They canspark off each other‘s talents.

　　Affect系列（影响到）

　　1.Affect/influence

　　例如：

　　More likely than not, getting a vehicle from point “A” to point “B” involves combustion of a fossil fuel, a process that emits gasses and affectsthe environment and the ozone layer.

　　People's behavior is influenced by circumstances and events, friends and family, education, job prospects, income, housing and environment.

　　2.impact on对…产生影响（impact 一般做名词使用，也可以作为动词）

　　例如：

　　Over the last few decades,there has been a tremendous growth in information technology,which can impact onour everyday life.

　　3.give rise to使发生

　　例如：

　　The decrease inthe number of bicycles and cars might give rise to another new set of problems.

　　名词系列（因果）

　　1.cause (of sth)/reason原因

　　例如：

　　Obesity can be divided into three main causes – diet， lifestyle and education。

　　Thousands of people migrate to the cities not only for jobs but also for educational and personal reasons.

　　2.result (for sth)/effect结果

　　例如：

　　This is a difficult problem with many seriouseffects on the individual and country.

　　Another result is lack of self-esteem.

　　3.impact/influence影响

　　例如：

　　This area is often overlooked but has a tremendous impact on your life.

　　Friends have a biginfluence on the way that we use social media—from unwritten rules to buying decisions and so much more.

　　形容词系列（因果）

　　表示因果的形容词不是很常用，使用时多和factor,element 结合。

　　1.causal原因的，因果的

　　例如：

　　Low income and elderly are among the potential causalfactors of prevalence of obesity among adults.

　　2.consequential结果的，随之发生的

　　例如：

　　Measures other than ratings will prove more consequential.

　　3.influential影响的，有影响力的（大多数情况下使用第二个意思）

　　例如：

　　Family is the most influential factor on happiness.

　　以上就是小编为大家整理的关于AEIS英语写作中因果关系表达，希望对大家有所帮助。更多AEIS考生报考要求、新加坡AEIS官网等问题可以咨询我们。